Man watching nuclear explosion on a television, illustration. (Photo by FANATIC STUDIO / SCIENCE PHOTO L / FST / Science Photo Library via AFP)
Photo: AFP
Με τον πόλεμο στην Ουκρανία να συνεχίζει να μαίνεται και με τη Μέση Ανατολή να «βράζει» μια πυρηνική απειλή είναι πιο κοντά από ποτέ.
Η πρώτη φορά που χρησιμοποιήθηκε πυρηνικό όπλο σε πόλεμο ήταν στις 6 Αυγούστου 1945, όταν οι Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες πυροδότησαν την ατομική βόμβα πάνω από τη Χιροσίμα της Ιαπωνίας. Μέχρι το τέλος του έτους, εκτιμάται ότι είχαν σκοτωθεί 140.000 άνθρωποι, η πλειονότητα των οποίων ήταν άμαχοι. Τρεις ημέρες αργότερα, οι Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες πυροδότησαν μια δεύτερη πυρηνική βόμβα πάνω από το Ναγκασάκι, σκοτώνοντας δεκάδες χιλιάδες άλλους.
Ενώ αυτές ήταν οι πρώτες – και μέχρι στιγμής οι μοναδικές – χρήσεις πυρηνικών όπλων σε περίοδο πολέμου, η παραγωγή, η ανάπτυξη και η αποθήκευση τους δεν έχει σταματήσει. Επί του παρόντος, υπολογίζεται ότι υπάρχουν 9.585 πυρηνικές κεφαλές σε στρατιωτικά αποθέματα για πιθανή χρήση σε εννέα χώρες, με τη Ρωσία και τις ΗΠΑ να αντιπροσωπεύουν 8.088 από αυτές. Υπάρχουν επίσης περίπου 2.536 αποσυρθείσες κεφαλές που δεν έχουν ακόμη αποσυναρμολογηθεί.
Στην παρακάτω λίστα θα δούμε ποιες χώρες έχουν το ισχυρότερο πυρηνικό οπλοστάσιο.
epa07400059 A child looks at Vietnamese and North Korean national flags on display at the Vietnam-North Korea Friendship kindergarten, founded by the North Korean Government, a place that will be visited by North Korean leader Kim Jong-un; in Hanoi, Vietnam, 27 February 2019. The second meeting of the US President and the North Korean leader, running from 27 to 28 February 2019, focuses on furthering steps towards achieving peace and complete denuclearization of the Korean peninsula. EPA/FAZRY ISMAIL
50 πυρηνικές κεφαλές
8. Ισραήλ
epa10908376 People look at a screen displaying the Israeli national flag over a street in downtown Kyiv, Ukraine, 08 October 2023. Israeli flags appeared on digital street billboards in the Ukrainian capital as a show of solidarity with the Israeli people a day after rocket barrages were launched from the Gaza Strip in a surprise attack on Israel claimed by the Islamist movement Hamas. More than 670 Israelis were killed and over 2,100 left injured in the attacks, the Israeli army said 08 October 2023. According to the Gaza health ministry, 413 people were killed and 2,300 wounded following the Israeli airstrikes on Gaza. EPA/SERGEY DOLZHENKO
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
90 πυρηνικές κεφαλές
7. Πακιστάν
Pelple buy Pakistan's national flags at a market in Karachi on August 7, 2021, ahead of the country's 75th Independence Day which marks the end of British colonial rule. (Photo by Rizwan TABASSUM / AFP)
Photo: AFP
170 πυρηνικές κεφαλές
6. Ινδία
epa11546454 Indian paramilitary soldiers hoist the Indian flag during a Tiranga (tricolor) bike rally organized by Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP) Kashmir unit in Srinagar, the summer capital of Indian Kashmir, 12 August 2024. Tiranga rallies are being taken out across the region to celebrate India's Independence Day. India celebrates the 78th anniversary of its independence from British rule on 15 August 1947. EPA/FAROOQ KHAN
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
172 πυρηνικές κεφαλές
5. Βρετανία
epa06749215 The United Kingdom flag during Celebrations of the British Royal Wedding in Sydney, Australia, 19 May 2018. Britain's Prince Harry and his fiancee Meghan Markle will marry at Windsor Castle, Britain the same day. EPA/JEREMY NG AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND OUT
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
225 πυρηνικές κεφαλές
4. Γαλλία
Photo: pixabay.com
290 πυρηνικές κεφαλές
3. Κίνα
epa10133364 China's flag flutters along a road in Beijing, China, 22 August 2022. China has cut its benchmark loan rates to help revive its economy. China's one year loan prime rate was cut from 3.7 percent to 3.65 percent, while the loan rates for mortgages were cut from 4.45 percent to 4.3 percent, the People's Bank of China (PBOC) said. EPA/MARK R. CRISTINO
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
500 πυρηνικές κεφαλές
2. ΗΠΑ
epa06636946 A flag of the USA is seen in front of the Embassy of the United States of America in Moscow, Russia, 30 March 2018. In response to new US sanctions imposed on Russia over the Skripal poisoning case, Russia will expel 60 US diplomats and close the US Consulate General in St. Petersburg, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov announced on 29 March 2018. The Russian authorities have given a two-day notice to the United States Consulate General in St. Petersburg to entirely vacate the building. EPA/YURI KOCHETKOV
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
epa07250256 The Russian flag, seen through barbed wire, flies over the Russian Embassy in Kiev, Ukraine, 27 December 2018, during a protest denouncing the disappearance of Crimean activists. The protesters demand for an inquiry into the disappearance of fifteen Crimean Tatars and pro-Ukrainian activists who went missing since the annexation of Crimea by Russia in 2014. They accuse Russian authorities of procrastinating and blocking an inquiry into the cases. EPA/SERGEY DOLZHENKO
Photo: ΑΠΕ-ΜΠΕ
